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hoi polloi who were bullied throughout puerility and adolescence are more likely than others to engage in overdue or vicious behavior later in life , a newfangled study chance .
In the newfangled enquiry , scientists found that about 14 percent of those who reportedsuffering repeated bullyingthrough their puerility and teenage years — up to 18 years of age — wind up serving prison term in prison as adult . In comparing , 6 percentage of people who did not get bullying ended up in prison .
" Most studies focalize on a relatively narrow period of the life sentence course , but I looked at victimization from birth to age 18 and then associated that with legal result — whether they got involve with substance maltreatment , got arrested , convicted or were charge to incarceration , " articulate Michael Turner , an associate professor in the department of criminal justice and criminology at the University of North Carolina , Charlotte . [ 10 Scientific Tips for Raising Happy Kids ]
Turner is give the finding today ( Aug. 1 ) at the American Psychological Association ’s 121st Annual Convention , which is being held from July 31 to Aug. 4 in Honolulu .
Bullying and crime
In his analysis , Turner found that compared with nonbullied individuals , victim of bullying had eminent rate of criminal conviction . More than 20 percent of those who were bullied throughout childhood and adolescence were convicted of crimes , compared with 11 percent of nonvictims . Sixteen pct of individuals who experiencedchildhood intimidation , up to age 12 , were convicted of crimes , with 13 percent of victim who were bullied during adolescence ( from age 12 to 18 ) have similar legal outcomes later in life .
" Being victimized at any point in time was connect with higher odds of delinquency , substance abuse , stoppage and convictions in belated adolescence and maturity , " Turner told LiveScience . " But inveterate victims — those who werebullied in childhood and adolescence — had the highest odds of adverse legal resultant . "
premature studies have found relationships between youngpeople who bully othersand delinquent behavior later in life , but Turner ’s study shows that victims of bullying can also be negatively affected in the retentive run .
" Most studies found bullying and offenders are assort with high crime , " Turner tell . " I found support that being a victim is also consociate with contrary legal outcomes . Most enquiry has n’t base this human relationship . "
grow pains
For the study , Turner relied on data from the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth , lead by the U.S. Department of Labor and the Bureau of Justice Statistics . The survey include 7,335 people reflective of U.S. demographics , who were geezerhood 12 to 16 as of Dec. 31 , 1996 .
Turner branch the individuals into four groups : nonvictims ( 74 per centum of sight respondents ) ; those who suffer bullying before long time 12 ( 15 pct ) ; those who were bullied after eld 12 ( 6 percent ) ; and those who experience bullying during childhood and adolescence ( 5 percent ) .
The youth were followed over a 14 - twelvemonth period , and victimisation reports were collected over several periods . Criminal incidents were assess when the survey participants were in their late teenage year or early adulthood .
The subject field did not report for severity of bullying and did not focalize on the socioeconomic condition of the respondents .
Through his analysis , however , Turner did name somegender departure . " bulk of the significant gender differences tended to sway in favour of females being more adversely touch than males , " Turner said . He found no significant differences across race and ethnicities .
What to do ?
The upshot suggest bullying is particularly damaging early in development .
" There are sure enough prevention programs out there , for school and parents , and if you do n’t deal with these problem early , they could plough into bigger problem , " Turner said . " Early prevention is always a better outlook . "
And despite relying on data that had been pull in in the mid-’90s , Turner does not anticipate major differences had the sketch been conduct among youthfulness today .
" The method acting by which soul are browbeat now is quite a routine different than what existed then , " Turner said . " Specifically , there ’s a draw moretechnology - based cyberbullying . The method is a picayune different , but it ’s still verbal , physical , aroused or psychological . "
Turner plans to submit the research for peer review , prior to publication , at the end of this yr ’s American Psychological Association meeting .
