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Around 34 million years ago , iguanas undertook the longest - known transoceanic trip of any terrestrial metal money , sailing one - one-fifth of the manner around the mankind from North America to set up home in Fiji , a new study suggest .
Researchers believe the iguanas made the more than 5,000 mile ( 8,000 kilometer ) journeying on stack made of vegetation , arriving in Fiji shortly after the islands formed . " You could imagine some kind of cyclone pink over tree where there were a bunch of iguanas and mayhap their eggs , and then they beguile the ocean currents and raft over , " leave authorSimon Scarpetta , lead author and assistant professor of environmental science at the University of San Francisco , said in a statement .
Four species of iguana populate Fiji — including this crested iguana (Brachylophus vitiensis) — but all are thought to descend from ancient iguanas that made a very long journey across the ocean.
Fiji ’s hopeful - green lizard are the only iguanas outside the Western Hemisphere , and how they commence there has been a long - standing closed book . In a fresh genetic analysis published Monday ( March 17 ) in the journalPNAS , research worker found Fiji ’s Iguana iguana are much more closely related to their westerly Hemisphere cousins than previously believed , making the journey directly from the West Coast of the United States to Fiji about 34 million class ago .
" That they reached Fiji straight from North America seems crazy , " study Centennial State - authorJimmy McGuire , professor of biology at the University of California , Berkeley , say in a argument . " But alternative modeling involving settlement from adjacent domain domain do n’t really solve for the time physical body , since we know that they go far in Fiji within the last 34 million age or so . "
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One of Fiji’s reptiles — the Central Fijian banded iguana (Brachylophus bulabula) — clings to a tree. This might have been how his ancestors first made it to the remote islands.
antecedently , some biologists posited the Fijian lizards — which comprise the genusBrachylophus — descended from a now - extinct kinsperson of iguanas that once populated the Pacific . Others have suggest the lizard could have floated curt distances from South America and through Antarctica or Australia before finally ending up in the Pacific .
But these ideas were based on preceding genetical analyses that did not once and for all show how close Fiji iguanas were associate to other iguanids .
The new analysis bank on a genome - wide desoxyribonucleic acid chronological succession thatScarpettacollected from over 200 Iguana iguana specimens from museums around the world .
The work discover theBrachylophusgenus in Fiji is most close related to lizards in theDiposaurusgenus , which are widespread in the deserts of North America . These desert iguanas are well conform to searing heat , so potentially had adaptation to survive the tenacious journey .
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" Iguanas and desert common iguana , in particular , are resistive to starvation and dehydration , so my view physical process is , if there had to be any mathematical group of craniate or any group of lounge lizard that really could make an 8,000 kilometer journey across the Pacific on a mass of vegetation , a desert common iguana - similar root would be the one , " Scarpetta said .
The investigator estimate these filiation split approximately 34 million years ago — roughly aligning with geological history of the islands ' constitution . " This suggests that as soon as land appeared where Fiji now resides , these iguanas may have colonized it . Regardless of the genuine timing of diffusion , the event itself was dramatic , " Scarpetta said .
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